项目名称：MegaBangna Foodwalk

　　项目位置：泰国曼谷

　　项目面积：58000 ㎡

　　项目类型：商业景观

　　设计单位：Landscape Collaboration

　　主创设计：Somkiet Chokvijitkul

　　首席设计：Pavin Banternghansa

　　完成年限：2017年12月

　　摄影师：Rungkit Charoenwat

中庭的循环道路

　　项目概述

　　Mega FoodWalk是一系列位于曼谷南部郊区的大型邦纳购物中心内协同设计，包含令人心旷神怡的景观中庭、使人放松的圆形剧场以及体验式木板路。这个半室外的扩建餐饮景观旨在创造舒适的微气候和沉浸式体验，结合不同学科，创造了独特的商业区体验，在几乎每个角落和路径都有所体现。

　　Project Narrative

　　Mega FoodWalk is the collaborative design of an enjoyable landscape atrium, relaxing amphitheater, and experiential boardwalk. Within Mega Bangna shopping complex located in the suburbs of southern Bangkok, this extended semi-outdoor food & beverage expansion is designed to create a comfortable microclimate and immersive experience by innovatively incorporating multiple active & passive cooling strategies harmoniously within interactive and tectonic landscape features. The expansion zone represents a marrying of different disciplines to create a unique commercial experience that engages at nearly every corner and path. A unique experience that was created through a truly collective design effort of different disciplines and shared vision with the consultants and the client.

缓缓倾斜的体验步道

　　项目背景

　　曼谷的湿热气候使得全年气温达到31-35°C，人们需要在阴影里躲避炙热的阳光，因此在户外空间设计出令人感到舒适的“微气候”环境，吸引人们停留而非不断寻求室内空调环境是极具挑战性的。建筑设计布局通过四周建造三层高的建筑环绕形成半室外中庭空间以解决这个问题。中庭空间顶部用蓬盖覆盖以过滤阳光直射，同时特地开口借助盛行风循环以促进小气候降温。庭院位于螺旋式循环的建筑中心，作为视觉焦点及主要的景观空间。这个开放的空间是由标高分离的从地面层到一层之间具有5.5米高差的两个板块组成的，对景观设计来说如何实现最佳的通行环道是一个极大的挑战。

　　Context

　　In Bangkok’s hot-humid climate, with temperatures reaching 88-95°F (31-35°C) year round and people seeking shade to stay away from the sweltering sunlight, achieving the optimal human comfort zone microclimate in outdoor spaces is difficult and challenging to design comfortable outdoor spaces that would attract people more inclined to seek air-conditioned indoor spaces. The architecture design & layout approaches this issue by establishing a 3-storey building around a semi-outdoor courtyard, filtering direct sunlight with an expansive skylight roof cover, while deliberately creating openings to promote passive cooling from prevailing winds. The courtyard serves as a focal point and main landscape space located at the heart of the helical-circulating building. The open space is comprised of a split-floor between the ground level and level one above by a 5.5 meter difference in elevation - a challenging issue of providing optimal circulation for the landscape design.

半室外庭院的场地平面图

概念图

　　设计目标

　　通过多学科团队的合作，景观设计师将景观作为基础设施在商业环境中发挥作用，提供人性化设计、舒适的微气候以及郁郁葱葱生长的植物环境。螺旋环绕式中庭景观的设计核心意图是创造沉浸式的体验步道，通过无障碍的通行连接，将游客经过美妙的体验氛围引导至目的地。

　　Design Intentions

　　With collaborative efforts of a multidisciplinary team, the landscape architects envisioned the landscape’s roles in this commercial context as an infrastructure for cultural appreciation, comfortable microclimate, and fertile environment for the softscape to flourish. The intention of the design for the landscape centerpiece of the helical-circulating, universal atrium is to create an immersive, experiential pathway with free-flowing linkages that brings visitors to their destinations conveniently through a captivating atmosphere. In order to create a comfortable and attractive landscape space for the visitors, the landscape architect’s goal is to consolidate innovative design solutions that disguisedly blend with the landscape features.

　　人性化景观设计

　　基于使用者设计的景观创造了一种新的对在不同高度的景观及商铺进行体验的方式。在标高较低的位置设计成下沉广场空间，全年举办各种活动。圆形剧场的实木座椅不仅为观众提供了舒适座位，而且也作为人群从较高层的商场主入口进入低层广场的主要通道。通行步道针对包括残疾人在内的所有使用者的人性化考虑设计平缓的坡度。体验步道浮在水上，穿过森林，与花岗岩石径及堆叠的大石板相交，展示出精致加工材料和天然粗犷材料之间形式和颜色的对比。景观空间是一个互动体验空间，鼓励游客与材料接触。互动设计的一大亮点是不锈钢水杠杆，操纵杆的手柄是特意为用户感受通过管道输送的冷却水而设计的。

　　Cultural Landscape Appreciation

　　User-based landscape design creates a new way to experience both landscape and shops that are located at different levels. The lower level is dropped to create a sunken plaza space for numerous events year-round. Amphitheater seating with genuine wood finish provides cozy spectator seating throughout the day and night, but more importantly serves as generous crowd access to the lower level plaza from the higher main entrance level of the mall. The pathways are friendly to all users with gentle slopes that are handicap accessible. The experiential boardwalk that floats above the water features and traverses through the forest green, is intersected by crossing granite stone pathways and giant slate slabs stacked to display the contrast in form and color of refined and unrefined material. The landscape design is a very interactive and experiential space that encourages visitors to be in contact with its material design. A major highlight of interactive design can be seen with the water levers made of stainless steel. The handles of the levers were deliberately designed for users to feel the cool rush of water carried through the thermal conductive pipes.

　　实现舒适的小气候

　　Mega FoodWalk内的“微气候”是结合了景观设计和创新工程手段集成控制，才实现这样的水景和植物景观，形成了效果不错的城市小气候。在这里，当孩子们排队进行与水互动的游戏时，大人也可以享受周边的氛围。水景与太阳能制冷系统相结合。冷却水在景观空间中的各种形式的景观要素里流动，以不同的形态呈现，如蜿蜒的水流、涌泉或跌水，形成了一系列的不同质感的水，同时历经的每一处形成了冷却降温效果。此外，隐蔽的喷射风扇创造了微风气流，让水景表面散发凉爽的湿气。因此，这种微气候能够把区域调节到适宜人呆的舒适状态，同时也为植物生长增加了空气湿度。

　　Achieving Comfortable Microclimate

　　The microclimate within Mega FoodWalk is controlled by the integration of landscape design and innovative engineering solutions resulting in a waterscape and softscape that became a successful urban catalyst, where adults can enjoy the atmosphere while children line up for the interactive water play. The water features are incorporated with a solar-powered chiller system. The cool water flows along various features in the landscape, as the changing physical form of meandering flows, ripples, and cascades of water delivers an array of water textures and an evaporative cooling effect at each bend. In addition, concealed jet fans create a breezy airflow which distributes cool moisture from the water features’ surface. As a result, the microclimate is adjusted to an ideal human comfort zone while also providing added moisture for plants to flourish.

通过融合的特色景观来整合空间以创造连续的景观通道

图示说明地面景观设计如何结合建筑及工程创造了舒适的微气候

核心中轴“体验步道”在不同材质的软硬景观之间交织

　　激活景观要素

　　在改造之前，这个旱喷广场曾是广场边缘的喷泉池，作为广场和停车场之间的背景和缓冲元素。因为它位于空间边缘，仅有美观功能，管理人员最终忽视了它的维护，它变得越来越难看，长满了藻类，变得不受欢迎。

　　根据FoodWalk扩建项目的规划和设计，这个水池正好位于新旧开发地块连接通道的中间，一下子就成为了潜在的重要的迎宾景观要素，吸引人们进入这个新的扩建部分。

　　设计团队希望这个水景能够成为具有包容性和活力的地标景观，带来视觉吸引力和充满活力的活动。决定把它变成一个所有人都可以进入的的旱喷广场，这样每个人都可以享受它。但实际在喷泉下面有一个巨大的为商场供水的水箱，因此，设计为了实现效果，结合现状结构轻微抬高完成面以避开接触。

　　Revitalizing landscape element

　　Prior to the renovation, this dry fountain plaza used to be a fountain pond at the edge of a circular plaza. It functioned as a backdrop and buffering elements between the plaza and the parking space. Because its positioned at the edge of the space with the fountains merely as aesthetic element, the management eventually overlooked its maintenance, and it became deteriorated. Algaes took over the pond and it became unwanted.

　　Upon the planning and designing of the expansion of FoodWalk, this pond sits right in the middle of the connecting path between the old and this up-coming development. The pond suddenly have the potential to become a significant inviting element that could draw people to this new expansion.

　　Our team decided that the pond has to function as an inclusive and dynamic landmark that would bring forth visual attractions and vibrant activities. We decided to turned it into an allutring dry fountain plaza with universal access so that everyone can enjoy it. Beneath the fountain, however, laid a huge water tank that supply water to the mall. Thus, the design touched the existing structure lightly and consciously while being able to achieve its goal in serving as an urban catalyst for inclusive and dynamic activities.

旱喷喷泉的表面是预制木板，抬高设计便于维护

　　景观视觉体验质量

　　落客区是景观翻新。原来是简单的大型观赏草景观，让人看到可以看通内部道路和停车场。一开始被认为是一个好主意，因为它强调了大型商场的入口。然而，它忽略了主入口空间的体验品质。每天有上万辆车经过这些道路，它很快就成为了入口空间的巨大干扰。

　　这次翻新这个绿岛仍然作为Megabangna购物中心落客区主要的中心结构。但它的主要功能是在主入口和停车场之间形成视觉障碍。土丘轮廓的高度足以遮挡车道外的汽车的视线，把视线引导向天空。

　　在照片的左边，肋结构似乎占主导地位，但从另一边看，这些混凝土肋几乎消失了。这被有意设计来创造到达和离开的视觉体验区别。游客开车进入落客区，迎接他们的是清新的绿色景观，而离开时，他们将面对整齐的混凝土肋。

　　Landscape Visual Experience Quality

　　This drop-off was a renovated of a simple tall grass landsacpe that created visual leakage to the unpleasant internal road and parking lots. This was seen initially as a good idea to enhance the the forground of the large entrance mall. However, it overlooked the experiential quality of the space from the main entrance. With ten thousand vehicles passing these roads daily. It soon became a huge distraction to the space within.

　　The new renovation of this green island still serves as a central structure for the main drop off of Megabangna Shopping Center. But its main function is a visual blockage between the main entrance and the large parking space. The contour of the berm is just high enough to block the view of any automobile outside the lay-by lane while offering view toward the sky.

　　The rib structures may seem dominant in the photograph to the left, but from the other side, these concrete ribs almost disappear. This quality was designed deliberately to create visual distinction and experience of arriving and departing. Visitors driving into the drop-off are greeted with refreshing sight of greenery, while when leaving they would face with order of concrete ribs.

一边是绿色植物，另一边是混凝土肋

绿边道——停车场的视觉屏障和缓冲空间

硬质景观和软景观纹理的多重层次创造了一个几乎超现实的自然“森林”环境

交叉流通在项目中扮演着重要的角色

冷水带来了惊喜与欢笑

研究、分析、设计方案和可视化是设计的组成部分·

多学科协作是综合所有要素和谐工作的核心

道路和水景的交叉

让不同群体的人一起享受空间

　　郁郁葱葱的绿色植物

　　集成冷却系统通过控制湿度和温度，为空间提供了额外的好处，让软景观在理想温度下生长。“森林”使用了亚热带和热带气候本土的植物软景观，包括各种有纹理的蕨类植物、苔藓和其他物种，创建了复杂的多层次软景观，形成了独特的商业空间，将周围的餐厅与自然植物融合在一起。在下层和中层植物之间，生长着许多毛天料木，长到了最高的楼层，在视觉上将中庭连接在一起。在郁郁葱葱的绿色植物中，一个喷雾系统被整合进来，以保持湿度水平，并以细雾的形式创造沉浸式景观氛围。这里的植物是喜阳和喜阴的物种的混合，将在半透明的屋顶系统下茁壮成长，在植被生长和舒适空间之间找到平衡。

　　Lush Greenery

　　An integrated cooling system provides additional benefits to the space by controlling the humidity and temperature at an ideal temperature for growth of a softscape scenery. The designed ‘forest’ uses a softscape palette of plants indigenous to a sub-tropical and tropical climate, including various textured ferns, moss and other species, to create complex multi-level softscape that results in a unique commercial space that blends the surrounding restaurants with natural foliage. Shooting up between these lower and middle layer flora, a dozen of Homalium tomentosum (Vent.) Benth. shoot up to the highest floor to visually connect the atrium together. Amidst the lush greenery, a fog system is integrated to maintain moisture levels as well as creating an immersive landscape atmosphere in the form of fine mist. According to the species selected, the plant palette is a mix of sun-shade tolerant species that will thrive under the semi-transparent roofing system to find balance between vegetative growth and comfortable space.

　　重新思考购物中心的景观空间

　　景观在商业空间中可以发挥多大的作用？作为一名城市景观设计师，如何将自然元素融入其中？在园艺师和机械工程师的专业帮助下，布置了丰富的植物物种元素，创造了舒适的小气候和文化氛围。尽管环境不允许完全的自然可持续性，这些元素成为替代方案，远比传统的安装空调的大盒子建筑更有价值。这些照片显示了一系列的特写镜头，展示了景观内部微妙的自然纹理，它们创造了一个几乎超现实的自然“森林”环境。因此，这些人工景观成为了驱动实现Mega Park项目的力量。

　　Re-thinking landscape spaces within a shopping mall

　　To what extend can landscape play in the context of commercial spaces? How can we, as an urban landscape designer, incorporate natural elements into our work? With the professional help of horticulturists and mechanical engineers, we deployed rich vegetative species as elements to create comfortable microclimate as well as cultural appreciation. Although the setting does not allow for complete natural sustainibility, these elements become showcases for alternatives that’s valuable far beyond the conventional air-conditioned big-boxes architectures. The above photographs show a serie of closeups illustrating delicate natural textures within the landscape looks to create an almost surreal natural ‘forest’ environment. As a result, these landscape artifacts became the forces that drove the visualization and realization of the following project, Mega Park.