中国社区农园的空间分布特征、影响因素与发展建议分析

丁潇颖，张玉坤，郑婕
天津大学建筑学院，天津 300072，中国

摘要：近几年，社区农园在我国诸多城市大量涌现并快速发展，研究其空间基本分布特征，剖析其影响因素，对把握社区农园分布现状，推动社区农园健康有序发展具有重要意义。以文献资料和网络资源获取的416个社区农园为样本，采用地理信息系统（GIS）对社区农园的空间分布特征进行简要分析，并基于GIS中的核密度分析法和叠置分析法探究影响社区农园空间分布的因素。研究发现：（1）我国社区农园空间分布的区域差异明显，并已形成沪浙苏、京津、川渝、珠三角以及台北五大集聚片区；（2）影响社区农园发展的自然因素是降水量和温度、社会因素是政策。研究认为社区农园的兴起与当前倡导的生态文明建设的目标和“共建共治共享”的社会治理要求相契合，要发展社区农园还需从建立支持社区农园的政策以及采用合理的空间设计方面入手。
关键词：社区农园；空间分布；影响因素；政策；设计

Analysis on the Spatial Distribution Characteristics, Influencing Factors and Development Suggestions of Community Gardens in China

DING Xiaoying, ZHANG Yukun, ZHENG Jie*
(School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China)

Abstract: In recent years, community gardens emerge in large numbers and develop rapidly in many cities in China. Studying its basic spatial distribution characteristics and profoundly analyzing its influencing factors, is of great significance for grasping the current status of community gardens and promoting its healthy and orderly development. Taking 416 community gardens selected by document literature and network resources as samples, the spatial distribution characteristics of community gardens are analyzed and utilized by geographic information system(GIS). And kernel density analysis method and superposition analysis method explore the influencing factors of community gardens development in China. The results are showed as follows: (1)The spatial distribution of community gardens clearly varies among different regions of China and five concentrated areas are found in Shanghai-Zhejiang-Jiangsu border area, Beijing-Tianjin border area, Sichuan-Chongqing border area, pearl river delta and Taipei. (2)The natural factors impacting the development of community gardens are precipitation and temperature, and the social factor is policy. The rise of community garden is corresponding to the goal of currently advocating ecological civilization construction and social governance requirement of “joint contribution, co-governance, and shared benefits”. To develop the community garden，it is necessary to establish supporting policy for community garden and applying reasonable design.
Keywords: Community Garden; Spatial Distribution; Influencing Factor; Policy; Design