基于雨洪管理的社区韧性评价及优化策略研究

张 泉，薛珊珊

合肥工业大学建筑与艺术学院，合肥  230601

摘 要：在灾害常态化背景下，“韧性”理念逐渐被引入到城市社区防灾减灾领域。为抵抗日益频发的极端天气灾害，有必要将城市韧性社区的建设重点转移到雨洪管理层面。社区韧性是基于社区资源的一种防灾减灾能力，为解决当前我国韧性社区建设在雨洪管理方面存在的不足，必须先建立一套量化的评价体系对其进行评估。本文运用层次分析法建立了以组织管理机制、雨洪管理设施、灾害风险评估、灾害应急预案、居民防灾能力五个维度的社区韧性评价体系，选取安徽省蚌埠市的4个社区进行实践研究，并提出相应的优化改造策略。结果表明：（1）社区雨洪管理的韧性表现与社区的建设年代、基础设施配置以及日常防灾减灾管理密切相关；（2）各社区居民的防灾减灾能力和公共参与意识比较薄弱，各社区在雨洪管理智慧化普及方面投入较少；（3）韧性社区除了要重视非工程防灾措施的建设，以雨洪管理为导向，更要注重小尺度绿色基础设施的应用。

关键词：雨洪管理；社区；韧性；评价体系；优化策略

第一作者：张泉，电子邮箱：frank_zhangquan@163.com
通讯作者：张泉，电子邮箱：frank_zhangquan@163.com

Community Resilience Evaluation and Optimization Strategy Based on Stormwater Management

ZHANG Quan* ，XUE Shanshan

School of Architecture and Art, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230061, China

Abstract: In the context of disaster normalization, the concept of "resilience" has been gradually introduced into the field of disaster prevention and mitigation in urban communities.In order to resist the increasingly frequent disasters caused by extreme weather, it is necessary to shift the focus of building resilient urban communities to the level of stormwater management. Community resilience is a disaster prevention and mitigation capability based on community resources. In order to solve the deficiency of storm and flood management in the current construction of resilient communities in China, it is necessary to establish a set of quantitative evaluation system to evaluate it. In this paper, the AHP(analytic hierarchy process) is used to construct the community resilience evaluation system from the perspective of stormwater management from five dimensions: organizational management mechanism, stormwater management facilities, disaster risk assessment, disaster emergency plan and residents' disaster prevention ability. Then four communities in Bengbu City, Anhui Province are selected for practical research and corresponding optimization and transformation strategies are proposed.The results show that :(1) the resilience of community stormwater management is closely related to the time of community construction, infrastructure allocation and daily disaster prevention and mitigation management; (2) The ability of disaster prevention and mitigation and the awareness of public participation of the residents in all communities are relatively weak, and the communities invest less in the popularization of stormwater management wisdom; (3) Resilient communities should not only pay attention to the construction of non-engineering disaster prevention measures, but also pay attention to the application of small-scale green infrastructure oriented by stormwater management.

Key words:Stormwater and flood management; community; toughness; evaluation system; optimization strategies

First author:ZHANG Quan, E-mail:frank_zhangquan@163.com
Corresponding author:ZHANG Quan, E-mail:frank_zhangquan@163.com