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2006年ASLA奖项公布
2006年4月24日，美国景观设计师协会（ASLA）公布本年度专业奖项，由北京土人景观规划设计研究院和北京大学景观设计学研究院主持的：“飘浮的花园--浙江黄岩永宁江生态防洪工程”（永宁公园）获得了专业设计荣誉奖(ASLA Design Honor Award)。这是俞孔坚教授和他的土人团队继2002年的中山岐江公园，2005年的沈阳建筑大学稻田校园以及台州“反规划”之后，又一次获得这一备受全世界瞩目的设计大奖。据ASLA官方网站公布，今年共有来自全球500多个项目参加评选，颁布了专业设计奖13项，规划奖4项，住区奖8项。令人瞩目的是，今年共有三个获奖项目在中国，除土人设计的永宁公园外，美国SWA设计的台湾建兴电子(Lite-On)总部基地，获得了设计荣誉奖，由美国EDSA主持的广东南昆山自然保护区内的生态度假村规划项目获得了规划荣誉奖。中国土人是唯一的美国之外的获奖者。 “飘浮的花园”是一个关于浙江台州黄岩永宁江生态恢复与重建的案例。设计者本着“与洪水为友”的态度和设计理念，把昔日一个以防洪为单一功能的水泥硬化河道，通过大量应用乡土物种进行河堤的防护建设，在滨江地带形成了多样化的生境系统,使之成为充满生机的现代生态与文化休憩地——永宁公园；该项目将城市雨洪管理、乡土生物保护、居民的日常休憩活动有机地结合起来,使城市土地利用集约化，用最经济的途径，创造出健康优美的人居环境。今年3月，该项目已被中国建设部授予"中国人居环境范例奖"。ASLA评奖委员会对该建成项目给予很高的赞许，评语是：“巧妙的建筑设计，精到的自然植被配置，创造出感性的体验空间，好作品！” 美国景观设计师协会成立于1899年，已有100多年历史，是一个世界性的专业协会，代表全美50个州和全世界42个国家的景观设计师。景观设计学是关于土地的分析、规划、设计、管理、保护和恢复的科学和艺术，它与建筑学、城市规划学共同构成人居环境建设的三大学科。景观设计师的终身目标是将人的活动，包括城市、建筑、水利和交通等人类工程，与生命的土地和谐相处。全美有70多所大学设有景观设计学专业，全世界有120多所大学设有景观设计学专业。 我国从2004年开始，由国家劳动和社会保障部正式确认“景观设计师”职业，2005年，国务院学位委员会正式批准北京大学成立景观设计学硕士点，并批准北京大学等25所大学试招在职风景园林专业硕士，2006年4月，教育部公布了景观学等高考招生的25个新增专业，至此结束了景观设计专业没有本科的历史。中国目前尚没有开展注册景观设计师制度。人才短缺、学科和观念相对滞后，已成为中国目前景观设计职业发展的瓶颈。中国景观规划设计作品在国际上的连连获奖，无疑给这一专业在中国的发展以莫大的鼓舞。 北京大学景观设计学研究院成立于2003年1月，每年招收硕士研究生60名，其中在职MLA硕士30名，理科景观设计学硕士30名。多年来坚持学科创新、机制创新和教育模式创新的道路，出版各类专着15部，今年2名学生还获得联合国教科文组织和国际景观设计师联盟的学生竞赛二等奖。 北京土人景观规划设计研究院是一所国内规划设计甲级单位，从事城市，建筑和景观的规划设计，目前有设计人员200余人。自1998年成立以来，高举“为中国而设计”的民族大旗，在创造现代性而具有鲜明中国特色的城市和景观方面取得令国内外同行关注的成绩，已四次获得全美ASLA规划和景观设计荣誉奖，2004获全国美展金奖，以及包括两项建设部"中国人居环境范例奖"在内的各类全国性奖励10多项。
GENERAL DESIGN AWARD OF HONOR The Floating Gardens — Yongning River Park, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, China Peking University Graduate School of Landscape Architecture and Turenscape, Beijing, China "Arresting architectural forms playing off natural vegetation create a sensory experience. Nice work!" — 2006 Professional Awards Jury Comments Narrative Summary: In July 2002, Taizhou City asked the landscape architect to design a 21-hectare park along the Yongning River, the mother river of the historical city at the east coast of China. At that time, most of the park site along the riverside was already embanked with concrete as part of the local flood control policy. In meeting the needs of designing this park, the landscape architect had to provide a concept that would be accessible to both tourists and locals, while also providing an alternative flood control and storm water management solution to be used as a model for the entire river valley. The result was the Floating Gardens. 1.The challenges that faced the landscape architect were: (1) To convince the local authority to stop channelizing the river with concrete. Not only is this process ecologically destructive to the fragile edge conditions of the inter-tidal zones, but it is also culturally and historically insensitive to the traditional symbolism and place of the river with respect to the lives of the local inhabitants. Additionally, canalization of the river is an expensive measure that uses up valuable public funds, which could be allocated to other public projects. (2) To design an alternative flood control and storm water management solution, which would be used as a model for the entire river valley management. As a part of the speedy urbanization process in China, almost all rivers in China are finding the same fate; single-minded flood control projects based on concrete engineering and damming are canalizing their banks. Vis-à-vis this prevailing trend, this design would become a model not only for the Yongning River, but also a visible model for all the river treatment and flood control projects in China. (3) To design a functioning park, which unlike a natural bird sanctuary which can flood and serve wildlife, must also be accessible and serve tourists and locals. 2.The design solutions: The Floating Gardens The concept of Floating Gardens was developed to meet the above challenges. The park is composed of two layers: the natural matrix overlapped with the human matrix---- the floating gardens. The natural matrix is composed of wetland and natural vegetation designed for the natural processes of flooding and native habitats. Above this natural matrix, float the gardens of humanity composed of a designed tree matrix, a path network, and a matrix of story boxes. The design draws on the following aspects: (1) A regional and drainage approach: a storm water process analysis showed the flood security patterns at every 5, 20, and 50 years' level. These analyses become the basis for the site design of the park. (2) An alternative flood control solution: a wetland system, based on the regional flood security pattern analysis enabled flood control and water management to become an integral part of the park design. The whole site along the river becomes a multi-functional project under the leadership of the landscape architect. (3) The matrix layer for the natural processes: composed of a restored riparian wetland along the flood plain and an outer wetland (lake) outside of the river bank that runs parallel to the river, the entirety of the park is covered with native communities. During the monsoon season, both the riparian wetland and the outside wetland are flooded. During the dry season, the outer wetland will still be submerged from both the retained water and fresh water from the inlet located in the upper reach of the river. Year round, water is accessible to park users. (4) Native wetland plants, trees and bamboos are massed along the riverbank and throughout the design not only to ensure successful establishment of the vegetation, but also to promote continuity of the design with the surrounding ecosystem. (5) The upper layer for the humanity which "floats" above the seasonally flooded natural matrix, is composed of groves of native trees, a network of paths extends from the urban fabric downwards the park, while a matrix of story boxes which allude to the culture and history of the native land and people punctuate the landscape at strategically placed points, among them are a box of rice, a box of fish, a box of hardware crafts, a box of Taoism, a box of stone, a box of mountain and water, a box of citrus and a box of martial arts. The use of boxes is a design approach to frame a human scale scene for a special theme within a large landscape background. 3.The significance of the park This park demonstrates an ecological approach to flood control and storm water management, while also educating people about other solutions to flood control beyond engineering. This park further demonstrates the value of the native plants and common trees, which were often neglected. The Floating Gardens is a park that incorporated minimum design techniques to create an accessible and interesting landscape dominated by nature. Project Resources Construction Management: The Government of Hungyan Districts
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