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¡¡¡¡ÌÆɽµØÕðÒÅÖ·¼ÍÄ԰¹ú¼Ê¾ºÈüÒ»µÈ½±×÷Æ· ¡¡¡¡The First Prize of the International Design Competition for the Tangshan Earthquake Memorial Park ¡¡¡¡Ô¬Ò° Àî¾ÃÌ« ¡¡¡¡YUAN Ye, LI Jiu-tai ¡¡¡¡ÕªÒª:1976Äê7ÔÂ28ÈÕ3µã42·Ö·¢ÉúµÄÌÆɽµØÕðÔì³ÉÁË24Íòͬ°ûµÄî¾ÄÑ¡£±ÊÕß½èÒÅÖ·¹«Ô°Éè¼ÆµÄÆõ»ú£¬´ú±íÉúÕßÔÚ·½°¸ÖÐÁÄÒÔ±í´ï¼ÍÄîÖ®Çé¡£·½°¸Éè¼ÆÒÔ¼°Ê©¹¤µÄ¹ý³Ì£¬´ÓʼÖÁÖÕ¶¼¹á´©Æ½ÊµµÄ¼ÍÄîÖ÷Ì⣬ÓÃ×îÆÓËصķ½Ê½±í´ï¶ÔÕâ¶ÎÀúÊ·µÄ×·Òä¡£Éè¼ÆÖо¡¿ÉÄܵı£ÁôÁËÒÅÖ·ÒÔ¼°Öܱ߻·¾³µÄÔò£¬ÒýÈëÁËÒ»Ìõ¼ÍÄî֮·£¬²¢½áºÏ»ùµØÔÓеĵÀ·¼¡Àí½«»ùµØ·Ö³ÉÁËËĸö»ù±¾µÄ²¿·Ö£¬Ëĸö²¿·ÖÓÖͨ¹ý¼ÍÄîµÄÖ÷Ìâ½ôÃÜÕûºÏÔÚÒ»Æð¡£ ¡¡¡¡¹Ø¼ü´Ê:·ç¾°Ô°ÁÖ;µØÕðÒÅÖ·;¹æ»®Éè¼Æ;¼ÍÄî ¡¡¡¡ÖÐͼ·ÖÀàºÅ.TU986.5'3ÎÄÏ×±êʶÂë:A ¡¡¡¡ÎÄÕ±àºÅ:1673-1530(2008)04-0052-03 ¡¡¡¡ÊÕ¸åÈÕÆÚ:2008-07-10 ¡¡¡¡ÐÞ»ØÈÕÆÚ.2008-08-01 ¡¡¡¡Abstract; The big earthquake that happened on July 28, 1976, took 240,000 lives in Tangshan city, China. In this piece of work,the designer expressed his condolences for the earthquake victims and his admiration for the survivors. A simple memorial theme wasadopted from the design to the construction to honor the victims. The existing earthquake site and surrounding areas were preservedas much as possible. The Road of Memories was introduced, which separated the existing roads into four parts and all the four parts were connected by the design concept "Memorizing" in the earthquake site. Key words: Landscape Architecture;Earthquake Site; Planning and Design;Memorial ¡¡¡¡1 ¾ºÈüÇé¿ö ¡¡¡¡1976Äê7ÔÂ28ÈÕÁ賿·¢ÉúÔÚÌÆɽµÄÀïÊÏ7.8¼¶µØÕð£¬ÊÇ20ÊÀ¼ÍÊÀ½çÊ®´óÔÖÄÑÖ®Ò»¡£µØÕð¶áÈ¥ÁË24ÍòÈ˵ÄÉúÃü£¬¼¸ºõ´Ý»ÙÁËÕðÇ°µÄÈ«²¿½¨Öþ¡£ÎªÁËÃú¼ÇÕⳡÈ˼äºÆ½Ù£¬¼ÍÄîµØÕðÖÐÓöÄѵÄͬ°û£¬Öйú½¨Öþѧ»áºÍÌÆɽÊй滮¾ÖÓÚ2007Äê5-8Ô¹²Í¬¾Ù°ìÌÆɽµØÕðÒÅÖ·¼ÍÄ԰¹ú¼ÊÉè¼Æ¾ºÈü¡£±¾´Î¾ºÈü¹²ÊÕµ½À´×Ô17¸ö¹ú¼ÒºÍµØÇøµÄ276Ì×ÓÐЧ·½°¸£¬¾¹ý¼¤ÁҵĽÇÖ𣬱¾·½°¸»ñµÃÒ»µÈ½±£¬²¢±»È·¶¨Îª×îÖÕʵʩ·½°¸(ͼ01)¡£ ¡¡¡¡¾ºÈü»ùµØλÓÚÌÆɽÊÐÄϺþÇøÓòÄÚ£¬ÄϺþÇøÓòÔΪ°ÙÄêÀÏ¿ó¡ªÌÆɽ¿óµÄ²Éú³ÁÏÝÇø£¬1996Äêʼ£¬ÌÆɽÊпªÊ¼ÊµÊ©¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹µÄÄϲ¿²É³ÁÇøÉú̬»·¾³ÖÎÀí¹¤×÷£¬ÕýÔÚ½«¸ÃÇøÓò¸ÄÔì³É³ÇÊÐÂ̵غ͹«Ô°¡£±¾´Î¾ºÈüÖÐÐèÒª±£»¤µÄµØÕðÒÅÖ·¡ªÌÆɽ»ú³µ³µÁ¾³§Öý¸Ö³µ¼ä½¨ÓÚ1959Ä꣬ÔÚÌÆɽµØÕðÖм¸ºõÈ«²¿µ¹Ëú£¬ÏÖΪ¹ú¼ÒÖصãÎÄÎï±£»¤µ¥Î»¡£ÒÅַλÓÚÔ¼40hmz¹«Ô°»ùµØÎ÷²à£¬½ôÁÚÌú·¡£»ùµØÄϲàΪÔÀ¸÷ׯ£¬±±²àΪÃñ·¿£¬¶«²àΪ³§·¿¡£»ùµØÎ÷²àµÄÏÖ×´Ö÷ÒªÓÉÒÅÖ·ËùÔÚµÄÌÆɽ»ú³µ³µÁ¾³§µÄ³§·¿ºÍ¹ÜÀíÉú»îÓ÷¿×é³É£¬¶«²àΪ¼¸Ê®¼Ò¹¤³§µÄÁÙʱ³§·¿ºÍÃçÆÔ¡£Éè¼ÆÄÚÈݼ´ÊǶÔÕâ¸öÔ¼40hm2·¶Î§ÓõؽøÐиÅÄîÉè¼Æ¡£¾ºÈüÎļþÒªÇóÔÚ¶ÔÒÅÖ·½øÐÐÍêÕû±£»¤µÄÇ°ÌáÏ£¬ºÏÀí²¼ÖÃƾµõ¼ÍÄî¿Õ¼äºÍÐÝí¬¿Õ¼ä.²¢Ìá³ö¶Ôî¾ÄѼÍÄîÉèÊ©µÄ¸ÅÄîÉè¼Æ·½°¸£¬Í¬Ê±£¬´¦ÀíºÃн¨ÖþÒ»µØÕð¼ÍÄî¹Ý¼°µØÕð¿ÆÆÕ¹ÝÓëÒÅÖ·ºÍ¹«Ô°»·¾³µÄ¹Øϵ¡£ ¡¡¡¡±¾´Î¾ºÈüµÄ×ÚÖ¼ÊÇ:ÌåÏÖ¶Ô×ÔÈ»µÄ¾´Î·¡¢¶ÔÉúÃüµÄ¹Ø°®¡¢¶Ô¿ÆѧµÄ̽Ѱ¡¢¶ÔÀúÊ·µÄ×·Òä¡£ ¡¡¡¡2 Ìá³öµÄÎÊÌâºÍ½â´ð ¡¡¡¡ÈκÎÉè¼Æ¶¼ÊÇÌá³öÎÊÌâºÍ½â´ðÎÊÌâµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬Í¨¹ý·ÖÎö£¬ÎÒÃÇÈÏΪÖ÷ÒªÓ¦¸ÃÔÚÒÔÏÂ3¸öÎÊÌâÉÏÌá³ö¶Àµ½µÄ½â¾ö·½°¸:(1)ÈçºÎ´¦ÀíµØÕðÒÅÖ·ºÍ»ùµØÏÖ×´;(2)ÈçºÎÌåÏÖ¼ÍÄîÐÔ;(3)ÈçºÎ´¦ÀíºÃ½¨ÖþºÍ¾°¹ÛµÄ¹Øϵ¡£ ¡¡¡¡2.1 Àí½â»ùµØ ¡¡¡¡³ä·ÖÀûÓûùµØÏÖÓÐÌõ¼þ£¬×î´óÏ޶ȱ£ÁôÕðÇ°½¨Öþ¼°¾°¹Û£¬±£»¤ÒÅÖ·£¬Ê¹ÕæʵµÄÀúÊ·³ÊÏÖ;·ÖÎö»ùµØ×ÔÉíºÍÖܱßÌõ¼þµÄÌØÕ÷£¬ÕÒµ½Éè¼Æ³ö·¢µã¡£ ¡¡¡¡¶ÔÓÚ¹ú¼Ò¼¶ÖصãÎÄÎï±£»¤µ¥Î»µÄµØÕðÒÅÖ·£¬ÎÒÃDzÉÈ¡¡°²»¶¯¡±µÄ²ßÂÔ£¬Ê¹µÃÒÅÖ·Ô·â²»¶¯µÄ±£ÁôÏÂÀ´¡£Í¬Ê±ÔÚʵµØµ÷Ñйý³ÌÖУ¬ÎÒÃÇÓÖÓÐеķ¢ÏÖ:ÒÅÖ·ÅԵľɳ§·¿Ö÷Ìå½á¹¹Ò²ÊÇÕðÇ°µÄ½¨Öþ£¬µØÕðÖÐÔøÔâµ½Ò»¶¨µÄÆÆ»µ£¬µ«Ã»ÓÐÍêÈ«µ¹Ëú£¬¾¹ýÕðºó½ô¼±¼Ó¹ÌÐÞÉÉ£¬ÓÖÖØÐÂͶÈëÉú²ú£¬Ö±ÖÁ½ñÌìÒÀÈ»ÔÚʹÓ᣻ùÓÚ¡°µØÕðÖÐδµ¹µÄ½¨ÖþÒ²ÊÇÒż£¡±µÄÈÏʶ£¬ÎÒÃǾö¶¨°ÑÕâÁ½×ùδµ¹µÄµ«¾¹ýÐÞ¸´µÄÒÅÖ·»®Èë±£»¤ÐÔ¸ÄÔìµÄ·¶Î§¡£ÕâÑù£¬µØÕð¶Ô½¨ÖþËùÔì³ÉµÄ²»Í¬³Ì¶ÈµÄÆÆ»µ£¬ÒÔ¼°Ò»Ö±±»ºöÂÔµÄÕðºóÖؽ¨µÄÀúÊ·£¬ÒԶԱȵķ½Ê½ºÍ·ÏÐæÔÚͬһ¿Õ¼ä³ÊÏÖ³öÀ´(ͼ02)¡£ ¡¡¡¡»ùµØÖÐÁíÒ»¸öÐèÒªÖص㿼ÂǵÄÔªËØÊǼ¸Ìõ·ÏÆúµÄÌú¹ìºÍÖÜΧµÄÊ÷ľ¡£ÕâЩÌú¹ìʵ¼ÊÉϲ¢Ã»ÓÐÍêÈ«·ÏÆú£¬Ö±µ½¹«Ô°½¨Éè֮ǰһֱÊÇÄϳ§µÄ»ú³µÐÞÀíÍ£·ÅµØ¡£ÆäÖÐÒ»Ìõ700¶àÃ׳¤Ìú¹ìÊÇÕðÇ°ÆÌÉèµÄ£¬µØÕðÁ¦ËùÔì³ÉµÄÌú¹ìÍäÇú±äÐÎÇåÎú¿É¼û¼ø¡£ÕâÌõÌú¹ìÒÔ¼°ËûÁ½²à¸ß´óµÄÑîÊ÷ÊÇ»ùµØÖÐÕ¼ÓÐÖØÒªµØλµÄ¾°¹ÛÔªËØ¡£ ¡¡¡¡³ýÁ˾¡¿ÉÄÜÍêÕû±£ÁôµØÕðÇ°ÁôϵÄÒż££¬ÎÒÃÇÈÏΪ»¹Ó¦¸ÃÓÐÑ¡ÔñµØ±£ÁôµØÕðºó½¨ÉèµÄºÛ¼££¬°üÀ¨Ö²Îï¾°¹Û¡¢½¨Öþ¡¢ÉèÊ©ºÍµÀ·¡£ÓÚÊÇ»ùµØÉÏÔÓеÄÖ÷Òª½¨ÖþµÄ»ùÖ·ºÍÖ÷ÒªµÄµÀ·¼¡Àí±£ÁôÁËÏÂÀ´£¬ÔÚ´Ë»ù´¡ÉϽ«Ðµľ°¹ÛÔªËØ¡°ÖÖ¡±ÔھɵĻùÖ·ÉÏ£¬²¢ÀûÓÃÔÓеÀ·¼¡ÀíÉè¼ÆеĵÀ·ϵͳ¡£ÕâÀïÒ²²»ÄܺöÊÓ¶Ôϸ½ÚµÄ¹Ø×¢£¬ÈçÏû»ð˨£¬µçÏ߸ˣ¬µØÐÎÉÏ΢ÃîµÄ±ä»¯µÈ£¬¶ÔÓÚ¾°¹ÛÉè¼Æ¶øÑÔ£¬ÈκÎÏÖ×´Ìõ¼þ¶¼ÊÇÓмÛÖµµÄ(ͼ03) ¡¡¡¡×ÜÖ®£¬Éè¼Æ֮ǰ¾ÍÒª¶ÔÕû¸ö»ùµØºÍÖܱ߻·¾³½øÐÐϸÖµĿ¼²ì£¬ÄÄЩӦ¸Ã±£ÁôºÍ±£»¤£¬ÄÄЩӦ¸Ã¸ÄÔ죬»¹ÓÐÄÄЩ¿ÉÒÔ´´ÔìÐÔµÄÔÙÀûÓ㬴ӶøÓÐÖصãÓвã´ÎµØÀûÓûùµØÏÖÓеÄÌõ¼þ£¬ÉîÈëÍÚ¾òÕâЩÌõ¼þDZÔÚµÄÉè¼Æ»ú»á£¬¸³ÓèÕâЩÏÖ³¡¡°ÒÅÎÒÔÒâÒ壬²¢·ûºÏÕûÌåÉè¼Æ˼ÏëµÄÒªÇó¡£ÕâÊÇÒ»¸öÖØз¢ÏֵĹý³Ì£¬ÕâÊÇÉè¼ÆµÄ¿ªÊ¼.Ò²ÊÇÕû¸öÉè¼Æ¹ý³ÌµÄÖص㡣
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